Automate Supply Chain Analytics Workflows with AI Agents using n8n

Why build things the hard way when you can design them the smart way?

As a Supply Chain Data Scientist, I’ve explored various frameworks like LangChain and LangGraph to build AI agents using Python.

The illustration above is from an article I wrote at the end of 2023, titled “Leveraging LLMs with LangChain for Supply Chain Analytics — A Control Tower Powered by GPT.”

At the time, I was exploring how to use LangChain to build an agent acting as a Supply Chain Control Tower.

A year later, I discovered the power of the low-code platform n8n to build the same kind of solution in just a few clicks.

In this article, we’ll explore how to easily build AI agents to automate supply chain analytics workflows using n8n.

We’ll also see how to deploy the same AI-powered Control Tower agent I originally built with LangChain 18 months ago — now using only low-code.

AI Agent for Supply Chain Control Towers using LangChain

My first project of AI Automation project using n8n was for a customer who wanted a Supply Chain Control Tower equipped with a chat interface.

A Supply Chain Control Tower is a set of dashboards and reports connected to Warehouse and Transport Management Systems that use data to monitor critical events across the supply chain.

In an earlier article published on Towards Data Science, I experimented with LangChain to connect a control tower to an AI agent.

The idea was to build a plan-and-execute agent that would

• Process the user’s request written in plain English
• Generate the appropriate SQL query
• Query the database and store the results
• Formulate a clear response in plain English

After several iterations, I found the right chain structure and prompts to deliver accurate results.

The solution worked well because I had already gained experience using LangChain and other frameworks to build AI agents.

How are we supposed to maintain this complex setup?

However, to offer this as a service, I needed tools that would make the solution easier to deploy, maintain, and improve — even with limited Python knowledge.

That’s when I discovered n8n.

Let’s dive into that in the next section.

AI Agent for Supply Chain Control Towers — Built with n8n

What is n8n?

n8n is an open-source workflow automation tool that lets you easily connect apps (email, CRMs, messaging systems), APIs, and AI model frameworks like LangChain.

You build workflows by connecting pre-built nodes.

For instance, the workflow above processes emails

• The first node collects emails from a Gmail account.
• The email content and metadata are sent to the AI Agent node, which extracts the relevant information.
• The third node processes the output using JavaScript.
• The final node loads the results into a Google Sheet.

No code was needed to build this workflow — except for the third node, which uses just two lines of JavaScript.

Since I work with a team of Supply Chain consultants who have limited Python skills, this was a game-changer for me as I looked to develop my service offering.

They can easily use, adapt, and maintain this workflow after a short training session on n8n.

AI Supply Chain Control Tower n8n workflow

The AI Supply Chain Control Tower workflow is a bit more complex — but still far simpler than its Python version.

It includes two sub-workflows.

The main sub-workflow includes both a chat interface and the AI agent.

For the AI Agent node, you need to

• Connect an LLM (chat model) using a node where you enter your API credentials
• Add a memory node to manage the conversation
• Add a tool node for SQL querying, linked to the second sub-workflow

The AI agent generates an SQL query and sends it to the “Call Query Tool” node, which executes the query.

The sub-workflow includes a code node that cleans the query (removing extra spaces and blocking risky commands like DELETE).

The output is sent to a BigQuery node, which runs the query and returns the results.

The process is very smooth and requires limited configuration:

• System Prompt (in the AI Agent node)
• User Prompt (in the AI Agent Node)

This setup requires no Python skills and can be handled directly by my consultants.

The results are comparable to those of the Python version.

For step-by-step setup instructions, check out my YouTube tutorial Read More